OLD Israel WINNIE THE POOH Hebrew A.A.MILNE Jewish LARGE CHILDREN BOOK Shepard

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Seller: judaica-bookstore ✉️ (2,805) 100%, Location: TEL AVIV, IL, Ships to: WORLDWIDE, Item: 276315395658 OLD Israel WINNIE THE POOH Hebrew A.A.MILNE Jewish LARGE CHILDREN BOOK Shepard. DESCRIPTION : Up for sale is an early Hebrew edition of A.A.MILNE -  "WINNIE THE POOH" ( WINNIE-THE-POOH )which was published in the 1960's - 1970's in Israel by "Machbarot LeSifrut" publishing house   ( A publishing house which for very long time isn't exist ) . Very RARE . ILLUSTRATED by the legendary ERENST .H.SHEPARD , The illustrator of CHRISTOPHER ROBIN , WINNIE THE POOH and the rest of MILNE protogonists .  The exquisite SHEPARD illustrations are COLORED in thgis enlarged edition.  A remarkable Eretz Israel collectible for both vintage Hebrew childrens' books collectors as well as "A.A.MILNE" and "WINNIE THE POOH" serie collectors. ORIGINAL illustrated HC . 11 x 8.5". 148 pp. Very good used condition. tightly bound. Cover wear. ( Pls look at scan for accurate AS IS images ) . Book will be sent inside a protective packaging .   AUTHENTICITY : This is the ORIGINAL Israel 1960's up to 1970's early edition , NOT a more recent edition or a reprint  , It holds a life long GUARANTEE for its AUTHENTICITY and ORIGINALITY.   PAYMENTS : Payment method accepted : Paypal & All credit cards. SHIPPMENT : Shipp worldwide via registered airmail is $ 29 Book will be sent inside a protective packaging . Handling around 5-10 days after payment.  Winnie-the-Pooh, also called Pooh Bear and Pooh, is a fictional anthropomorphic teddy bear created by English author A. A. Milne. The first collection of stories about the character was the book Winnie-the-Pooh (1926), and this was followed by The House at Pooh Corner (1928). Milne also included a poem about the bear in the children's verse book When We Were Very Young (1924) and many more in Now We Are Six (1927). All four volumes were illustrated by E. H. Shepard. The Pooh stories have been translated into many languages, including Alexander Lenard's Latin translation, Winnie ille Pu, which was first published in 1958, and, in 1960, became the only Latin book ever to have been featured on The New York Times Best Seller list.[1] In 1961, Walt Disney Productions licensed certain film and other rights of Milne's Winnie-the-Pooh stories from the estate of A. A. Milne and the licensing agent Stephen Slesinger, Inc., and adapted the Pooh stories, using the unhyphenated name "Winnie the Pooh", into a series of features that would eventually become one of its most successful franchises. In popular film adaptations, Pooh has been voiced by actors Sterling Holloway, Hal Smith, and Jim Cummings in English, and Yevgeny Leonov in Russian. Contents 1 History 1.1 Origin 1.2 Ashdown Forest: the setting for the stories 1.3 First publication 1.4 Character 1.5 Sequel 1.6 Stephen Slesinger 1.7 Red shirt Pooh 1.8 Disney ownership era (1966–present) 1.9 Merchandising revenue dispute 2 Disney adaptations 2.1 Theatrical shorts 2.2 Theatrical feature films 2.3 Television shows 2.4 Magical World of Winnie the Pooh 2.4.1 Holiday TV specials 2.4.2 Direct-to-video shorts 2.4.3 Direct-to-video features 2.5 Video games 3 Other adaptations 3.1 Theatre 3.2 Audio 3.2.1 Radio 3.3 Film 3.3.1 Soviet adaptation 3.4 Television 4 Cultural legacy 4.1 Censorship in China 5 Notes 6 References 7 External links History Origin Original Winnie-the-Pooh stuffed toys. Clockwise from bottom left: Tigger, Kanga, Edward Bear ("Winnie-the-Pooh"), Eeyore, and Piglet. Roo was lost long ago. A. A. Milne named the character Winnie-the-Pooh after a teddy bear owned by his son, Christopher Robin Milne, on whom the character Christopher Robin was based. The rest of Christopher Milne's toys – Piglet, Eeyore, Kanga, Roo, and Tigger – were incorporated into Milne's stories.[2][3] Two more characters, Owl and Rabbit, were created by Milne's imagination, while Gopher was added to the Disney version. Christopher Robin's toy bear is on display at the Main Branch of the New York Public Library in New York City.[4] Harry Colebourn and Winnie, 1914 Christopher Milne had named his toy bear after Winnie, a Canadian black bear he often saw at London Zoo, and Pooh, a swan they had encountered while on holiday. The bear cub was purchased from a hunter for C$20 by Canadian Lieutenant Harry Colebourn in White River, Ontario, while en route to England during the First World War.[5] He named the bear Winnie after his adopted hometown in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Winnie was surreptitiously brought to England with her owner, and gained unofficial recognition as The Fort Garry Horse regimental mascot. Colebourn left Winnie at the London Zoo while he and his unit were in France; after the war she was officially donated to the zoo, as she had become a much-loved attraction there.[6] Pooh the swan appears as a character in its own right in When We Were Very Young. Statue in Winnipeg of Harry Colebourn and Winnie In the first chapter of Winnie-the-Pooh, Milne offers this explanation of why Winnie-the-Pooh is often called simply "Pooh": But his arms were so stiff ... they stayed up straight in the air for more than a week, and whenever a fly came and settled on his nose he had to blow it off. And I think – but I am not sure – that that is why he is always called Pooh. American writer William Safire surmised that the Milnes' invention of the name "Winnie the Pooh" may have also been influenced by the haughty character Pooh-Bah in Gilbert and Sullivan's The Mikado (1885).[7] Ashdown Forest: the setting for the stories The Winnie-the-Pooh stories are set in Ashdown Forest, East Sussex, England. The forest is an area of tranquil open heathland on the highest sandy ridges of the High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty situated 30 miles (50 km) south-east of London. In 1925 Milne, a Londoner, bought a country home a mile to the north of the forest at Cotchford Farm, near Hartfield. According to Christopher Milne, while his father continued to live in London "...the four of us – he, his wife, his son and his son's nanny – would pile into a large blue, chauffeur-driven Fiat and travel down every Saturday morning and back again every Monday afternoon. And we would spend a whole glorious month there in the spring and two months in the summer."[8] From the front lawn the family had a view across a meadow to a line of alders that fringed the River Medway, beyond which the ground rose through more trees until finally "above them, in the faraway distance, crowning the view, was a bare hilltop. In the centre of this hilltop was a clump of pines." Most of his father's visits to the forest at that time were, he noted, family expeditions on foot "to make yet another attempt to count the pine trees on Gill's Lap or to search for the marsh gentian." Christopher added that, inspired by Ashdown Forest, his father had made it "the setting for two of his books, finishing the second little over three years after his arrival".[9] Many locations in the stories can be associated with real places in and around the forest. As Christopher Milne wrote in his autobiography: "Pooh’s forest and Ashdown Forest are identical." For example, the fictional "Hundred Acre Wood" was in reality Five Hundred Acre Wood; Galleon's Leap was inspired by the prominent hilltop of Gill's Lap, while a clump of trees just north of Gill's Lap became Christopher Robin's The Enchanted Place, because no-one had ever been able to count whether there were 63 or 64 trees in the circle.[10] The landscapes depicted in E. H. Shepard's illustrations for the Winnie-the-Pooh books were directly inspired by the distinctive landscape of Ashdown Forest, with its high, open heathlands of heather, gorse, bracken and silver birch, punctuated by hilltop clumps of pine trees. Many of Shepard's illustrations can be matched to actual views, allowing for a degree of artistic licence. Shepard's sketches of pine trees and other forest scenes are held at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.[11] The game of Poohsticks was originally played by Christopher Milne on the wooden footbridge,[12] across the Millbrook,[13] Posingford Wood, close to Cotchford Farm. It is now a tourist attraction, and it has become traditional to play the game there using sticks gathered in the nearby woodland.[12][14] When the footbridge had to be replaced in 1999, the architect used as a main source drawings by Shepard in the books, which differ a little from the original structure. First publication Winnie-the-Pooh's debut in the 24 December 1925 London Evening News Christopher Robin's teddy bear made his character début, under the name Edward, in A. A. Milne's poem, "Teddy Bear", in the edition of 13 February 1924 of Punch (E. H. Shepard had also included a similar bear in a cartoon published in Punch the previous week[15]), and the same poem was published in Milne's book of children's verse When We Were Very Young (6 November 1924).[16] Winnie-the-Pooh first appeared by name on 24 December 1925, in a Christmas story commissioned and published by the London newspaper Evening News. It was illustrated by J. H. Dowd.[17] The first collection of Pooh stories appeared in the book Winnie-the-Pooh. The Evening News Christmas story reappeared as the first chapter of the book. At the beginning, it explained that Pooh was in fact Christopher Robin's Edward Bear, who had been renamed by the boy. He was renamed after an American black bear at London Zoo called Winnie who got her name from the fact that her owner had come from Winnipeg, Canada. The book was published in October 1926 by the publisher of Milne's earlier children's work, Methuen, in England, E. P. Dutton in the United States, and McClelland & Stewart in Canada.[18] Character In the Milne books, Pooh is naive and slow-witted, but he is also friendly, thoughtful and steadfast. Although he and his friends agree that he is "a bear of very little brain," Pooh is occasionally acknowledged to have a clever idea, usually driven by common sense. These include riding in Christopher Robin's umbrella to rescue Piglet from a flood, discovering "the North Pole" by picking it up to help fish Roo out of the river, inventing the game of Poohsticks, and getting Eeyore out of the river by dropping a large rock on one side of him to wash him towards the bank. Pooh is also a talented poet and the stories are frequently punctuated by his poems and "hums". Although he is humble about his slow-wittedness, he is comfortable with his creative gifts. When Owl's house blows down in a windstorm, trapping Pooh, Piglet and Owl inside, Pooh encourages Piglet (the only one small enough to do so) to escape and rescue them all by promising that "a respectful Pooh song" will be written about Piglet's feat. Later, Pooh muses about the creative process as he composes the song. Pooh is very fond of food, particularly "hunny", but also condensed milk and other items. When he visits friends, his desire to be offered a snack is in conflict with the impoliteness of asking too directly. Though intent on giving Eeyore a pot of honey for his birthday, Pooh could not resist eating it on his way to deliver the present and so instead gives Eeyore "a useful pot to put things in". When he and Piglet are lost in the forest during Rabbit's attempt to "unbounce" Tigger, Pooh finds his way home by following the "call" of the honeypots from his house. Pooh makes it a habit to have "a little something" around 11:00 in the morning. As the clock in his house "stopped at five minutes to eleven some weeks ago," any time can be Pooh's snack time. Pooh is very social. After Christopher Robin, his closest friend is Piglet, and he most often chooses to spend his time with one or both of them. But he also habitually visits the other animals, often looking for a snack or an audience for his poetry as much as for companionship. His kind-heartedness means he goes out of his way to be friendly to Eeyore, visiting him and bringing him a birthday present and building him a house, despite receiving mostly disdain from Eeyore in return. Sequel An authorised sequel Return to the Hundred Acre Wood was published on 5 October 2009. The author, David Benedictus, has developed, but not changed, Milne's characterisations. The illustrations, by Mark Burgess, are in the style of Shepard.[19] Another authorised sequel, Winnie-the-Pooh: The Best Bear in All the World, was published by Egmont in 2016. The sequel consists of four short stories by four leading children's authors, Kate Saunders, Brian Sibley, Paul Bright, and Jeanne Willis. Illustrations are by Mark Burgess.[20] The Best Bear in All The World sees the introduction of a new character, Penguin, which was inspired by a long-lost photograph of Milne and his son Christopher with a toy penguin.[21] A further special story, Winnie-the-Pooh Meets the Queen, was published in 2016 to mark the 90th anniversary of Milne's creation and the 90th birthday of Elizabeth II. It sees Winnie the Pooh meet the Queen at Buckingham Palace.[22] Stephen Slesinger On 6 January 1930, Stephen Slesinger purchased US and Canadian merchandising, television, recording, and other trade rights to the Winnie-the-Pooh works from Milne for a $1,000 advance and 66% of Slesinger's income, creating the modern licensing industry. By November 1931, Pooh was a $50 million-a-year business.[23] Slesinger marketed Pooh and his friends for more than 30 years, creating the first Pooh doll, record, board game, puzzle, US radio broadcast (on NBC), animation, and motion picture.[24] Red shirt Pooh The first time Pooh and his friends appeared in colour was 1932, when he was drawn by Slesinger in his now-familiar red shirt and featured on an RCA Victor picture record. Parker Brothers introduced A. A. Milne's Winnie-the-Pooh Game in 1933, again with Pooh in his a shirt. In the 1940s, Agnes Brush created the first plush dolls with Pooh in his a shirt. Shepard had drawn Pooh with a shirt as early as the first book Winnie-the-Pooh, which was subsequently coloured red in later coloured editions.[citation needed] Disney ownership era (1966–present) Main articles: Winnie the Pooh (franchise) and Winnie the Pooh (Disney character) After Slesinger's death in 1953, his wife, Shirley Slesinger Lasswell, continued developing the character herself. In 1961, she licensed rights to Walt Disney Productions in exchange for royalties in the first of two agreements between Stephen Slesinger, Inc., and Disney.[25] The same year, A. A. Milne's widow, Daphne Milne, also licensed certain rights, including motion picture rights, to Disney. Since 1966, Disney has released numerous animated productions starring its version of Winnie the Pooh and related characters, starting with the theatrical featurette Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree. This was followed by Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day (1968), and Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too (1974). These three featurettes were combined into a feature-length movie, The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh, in 1977. A fourth featurette, Winnie the Pooh and a Day for Eeyore, was released in 1983. A new series of Winnie the Pooh theatrical feature-length films launched in the 2000s, with The Tigger Movie (2000), Piglet's Big Movie (2003), Pooh's Heffalump Movie (2005), and Winnie the Pooh (2011). Disney has also produced television series based on the franchise, including Welcome to Pooh Corner (Disney Channel, 1983–1986), The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (ABC, 1988–1991), The Book of Pooh (Playhouse Disney, 2001–2003), and My Friends Tigger & Pooh (Playhouse Disney, 2007–2010). Merchandising revenue dispute Pooh videos, soft toys, and other merchandise generate substantial annual revenues for Disney. The size of Pooh stuffed toys ranges from Beanie and miniature to human-sized. In addition to the stylised Disney Pooh, Disney markets Classic Pooh merchandise which more closely resembles E. H. Shepard's illustrations. In 1991, Stephen Slesinger, Inc., filed a lawsuit against Disney which alleged that Disney had breached their 1983 agreement by again failing to accurately report revenue from Winnie the Pooh sales. Under this agreement, Disney was to retain approximately 98% of gross worldwide revenues while the remaining 2% was to be paid to Slesinger. In addition, the suit alleged that Disney had failed to pay required royalties on all commercial exploitation of the product name.[26] Though the Disney corporation was sanctioned by a judge for destroying forty boxes of evidentiary documents,[27] the suit was later terminated by another judge when it was discovered that Slesinger's investigator had rummaged through Disney's garbage to retrieve the discarded evidence.[28] Slesinger appealed the termination and, on 26 September 2007, a three-judge panel upheld the lawsuit dismissal.[29] After the Copyright Term Extension Act of 1998, Clare Milne, Christopher Robin Milne's daughter, attempted to terminate any future US copyrights for Stephen Slesinger, Inc.[30] After a series of legal hearings, Judge Florence-Marie Cooper of the US District Court in California found in favour of Stephen Slesinger, Inc., as did the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. On 26 June 2006, the US Supreme Court refused to hear the case, sustaining the ruling and ensuring the defeat of the suit.[31] On 19 February 2007, Disney lost a court case in Los Angeles which ruled their "misguided claims" to dispute the licensing agreements with Slesinger, Inc., were unjustified,[32] but a federal ruling of 28 September 2009, again from Judge Florence-Marie Cooper, determined that the Slesinger family had granted all trademarks and copyrights to Disney, although Disney must pay royalties for all future use of the characters. Both parties have expressed satisfaction with the outcome.[33][34] Disney adaptations Main article: Winnie the Pooh (franchise) Theatrical shorts 1966: Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree 1968: Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day 1974: Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too 1981: Winnie the Pooh Discovers the Seasons 1983: Winnie the Pooh and a Day for Eeyore Theatrical feature films 1977: The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (compilation of Honey Tree, Blustery Day, and Tigger Too) 2000: The Tigger Movie 2003: Piglet's Big Movie 2005: Pooh's Heffalump Movie 2011: Winnie the Pooh 2018: Christopher Robin[35][36] Television shows Welcome to Pooh Corner (Disney Channel, 1983–1986)[i] The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (ABC, 1988–1991) The Book of Pooh (Disney Channel (Playhouse Disney), 2001–2003)[i] My Friends Tigger & Pooh (Disney Channel (Playhouse Disney), 2007–2010) Mini Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (Disney Junior, 2011–2014)[37] Magical World of Winnie the Pooh The below are considered episodes from The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh. Holiday TV specials 1991: Winnie the Pooh and Christmas Too, included in A Very Merry Pooh Year 1996: Boo to You Too! Winnie the Pooh, included in Pooh's Heffalump Halloween Movie 1998: A Winnie the Pooh Thanksgiving, included in Seasons of Giving 1999: A Valentine for You Direct-to-video shorts 1990: Winnie the Pooh's ABC of Me Direct-to-video features These features integrate stories from The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh and/or the holiday specials with new footage. 1997: Pooh's Grand Adventure: The Search for Christopher Robin 1999: Seasons of Giving* 2001: The Book of Pooh: Stories from the Heart 2002: A Very Merry Pooh Year* 2004: Springtime with Roo 2005: Pooh's Heffalump Halloween Movie 2007: Super Sleuth Christmas Movie 2009: Tigger and Pooh and a Musical Too 2010: Super Duper Super Sleuths Video games The following games are based on Disney's Winnie the Pooh; Pooh also appears in the Square Enix/Disney crossover series Kingdom Hearts. Main title / alternate title(s) Developer Release date System(s) Winnie the Pooh in the Hundred Acre Wood Sierra On-Line 1984 Amiga, Apple II, Atari ST, Commodore 64, DOS A Year at Pooh Corner Novotrade, Sega 1994 Sega Pico Ready for Math with Pooh Disney Interactive Studios 1997 Microsoft Windows Ready to Read with Pooh Disney Interactive Studios 1997 Microsoft Windows Tigger's Honey Hunt Doki Denki, NewKidCo 2000 PlayStation, Microsoft Windows, Nintendo 64 Winnie the Pooh: Adventures in the 100 Acre Wood Tose, NewKidCo 2000 Game Boy Color Disney's Winnie the Pooh: Preschool Hi Corp, Atlus 2001 PlayStation Disney's Pooh's Party Game: In Search of the Treasure Doki Denki, SCEE, Electronic Arts, Tomy Corporation 2001 PlayStation, Microsoft Windows Kuma no Pooh-San: Mori no Nakamato 123 Atlus 2001 PlayStation Pooh and Tigger's Hunny Safari Digital Eclipse, Electronic Arts, Ubisoft 2001 Game Boy Color Disney's Winnie the Pooh's Rumbly Tumbly Adventure Hi Corp, Atlus 2002 PlayStation Piglet's Big Game Doki Denki Studio, Disney Interactive Studios, THQ, Gotham Games 2003 Nintendo GameCube, PlayStation 2, Game Boy Advance Pooh's Hunny Pot Challenge Walt Disney Internet Group 2003 Mobile phone Pooh's Pairs Walt Disney Internet Group 2003 Mobile phone Tigger's Bouncin' Time Walt Disney Internet Group 2003 Mobile phone Pooh's Hunny Blocks Walt Disney Internet Group 2003 Mobile phone Winnie the Pooh's Rumbly Tumbly Adventure Phoenix Games Studio, Ubisoft 2005 Game Boy Advance, Nintendo GameCube, PlayStation 2, mobile phone Kuma no Pooh-San: 100 Acre no Mori no Cooking Book Disney Interactive Studios 2011 Nintendo DS Disney's Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree Animated Storybook Disney Interactive Studios 2014 Microsoft Windows Other adaptations This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Winnie-the-Pooh" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Theatre 1931. Winnie-the-Pooh at the Guild Theater, Sue Hastings Marionettes[38] 1957. Winnie-the-Pooh, a play in three acts, dramatized by Kristin Sergel, Dramatic Publishing Company 1964. Winnie-the-Pooh, a musical comedy in two acts, lyrics by A. A. Milne and Kristin Sergel, music by Allan Jay Friedman, book by Kristin Sergel, Dramatic Publishing Company 1977. A Winnie-the-Pooh Christmas Tail, in which Winnie-the-Pooh and his friends help Eeyore have a very Merry Christmas (or a very happy birthday), with the book, music, and lyrics by James W. Rogers, Dramatic Publishing Company[39] 1986. Bother! The Brain of Pooh, Peter Dennis 1992. Winnie-the-Pooh, small cast musical version, dramatized by le Clanché du Rand, music by Allan Jay Friedman, lyrics by A. A. Milne and Kristin Sergel, additional lyrics by le Clanché du Rand, Dramatic Publishing Company Audio RCA Victor record from 1932 decorated with Stephen Slesinger, Inc.'s Winnie-the-Pooh Selected Pooh stories read by Maurice Evans released on vinyl LP: 1956. Winnie-the-Pooh (consisting of three tracks: "Introducing Winnie-the-Pooh and Christopher Robin"; "Pooh Goes Visiting and Gets into a Tight Place"; and "Pooh and Piglet Go Hunting and Nearly Catch a Woozle") More Winnie-the-Pooh (consisting of three tracks: "Eeyore Loses a Tail"; "Piglet Meets a Heffalump"; "Eeyore Has a Birthday") In 1951, RCA Records released four stories of Winnie-the-Pooh, narrated by Jimmy Stewart and featuring the voices of Cecil Roy as Pooh, Betty Jane Tyler as Kanga, Merrill Joels as Eeyore, and Arnold Stang as Rabbit. In 1960, HMV recorded a dramatised version with songs (music by Harold Fraser-Simson) of two episodes from The House at Pooh Corner (Chapters 2 and 8), starring Ian Carmichael as Pooh, Denise Bryer as Christopher Robin (who also narrated), Hugh Lloyd as Tigger, Penny Morrell as Piglet, and Terry Norris as Eeyore. This was released on a 45 rpm EP.[40] In the 1970s and 1980s, Carol Channing recorded Winnie the Pooh, The House at Pooh Corner and The Winnie the Pooh Songbook, with music by Don Heckman. These were released on vinyl LP and audio cassette by Caedmon Records. Unabridged recordings read by Peter Dennis of the four Pooh books: When We Were Very Young Winnie-the-Pooh Now We Are Six The House at Pooh Corner In 1979, a double audio cassette set of Winnie the Pooh was produced featuring British actor Lionel Jeffries reading all of the characters in the stories. This was followed in 1981 by an audio cassette set of stories from The House at Pooh Corner also read by Lionel Jeffries.[41] In the 1990s, the stories were dramatised for audio by David Benedictus, with music composed, directed and played by John Gould. They were performed by a cast that included Stephen Fry as Winnie-the-Pooh, Jane Horrocks as Piglet, Geoffrey Palmer as Eeyore and Judi Dench as Kanga.[42] Radio The BBC has included readings of Winnie-the-Pooh stories in its programmes for children since very soon after their first publication. One of the earliest of such readings, by "Uncle Peter" (C. E. Hodges), was an item in the programme For the Children, broadcast by stations 2LO and 5XX on 23 March 1926. Pooh made his US radio debut on 10 November 1932, when he was broadcast to 40,000 schools by The American School of the Air, the educational division of the Columbia Broadcasting System.[43] Film 2017: Goodbye Christopher Robin, a British drama film exploring the creation of Winnie-the-Pooh by A.A. Milne, with Domhnall Gleeson playing Christopher Robin Milne. Soviet adaptation A postage stamp showing Piglet and Winnie-the-Pooh as they appear in the Soviet adaptation In the Soviet Union, three Winnie-the-Pooh, (transcribed in Russian as Винни-Пух, Vinni Pukh) stories were made into a celebrated trilogy[44] of short films by Soyuzmultfilm (directed by Fyodor Khitruk) from 1969 to 1972, after being granted permission by Disney to make their own adaptation in a gesture of Cold War détente.[citation needed] 1969. Winnie-the-Pooh (Винни-Пух) – based on chapter 1 1971. Winnie-the-Pooh Pays a Visit (Винни-Пух идёт в гости) – based on chapter 2 1972. Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day (Винни-Пух и день забот) – based on chapters 4 and 6. The films used Boris Zakhoder's translation of the book. Pooh was voiced by Yevgeny Leonov. Unlike in the Disney adaptations, the animators did not base their depictions of the characters on Shepard's illustrations, instead creating a different look. The Soviet adaptations made extensive use of Milne's original text and often bring out aspects of Milne's characters' personalities not used in the Disney adaptations. Television Winnie-the-Pooh and his friends debuted on NBC Television in 1958–1960. 1960: Shirley Temple's Storybook on NBC: Winnie-the-Pooh– a version for marionettes, designed, made, and operated by Bil and Cora Baird. Pooh was voiced by Franz Fazakas. During the 1970s, the BBC children's television show Jackanory serialised the two books, which were read by Willie Rushton.[45] Cultural legacy A plaque on Winnie-the-Pooh Street (ulica Kubusia Puchatka) in Warsaw One of the best known characters in British children's literature, a 2011 poll saw Winnie the Pooh voted onto the list of top 100 "icons of England".[46] Forbes magazine ranked Pooh the most valuable fictional character in 2002, with merchandising products alone generating more than $5.9 billion that year.[47] In 2005, Pooh generated $6 billion, a figure surpassed by only Mickey Mouse.[48] In 2006, Pooh received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, marking the 80th birthday of Milne's creation.[48] The bear is such a popular character in Poland that a Warsaw street is named for him (Ulica Kubusia Puchatka). There is also a street named after him in Budapest, Hungary (Micimackó utca).[49] Winnie the Pooh has inspired multiple texts to explain complex philosophical ideas. Benjamin Hoff uses Milne's characters in The Tao of Pooh and The Te of Piglet to explain Taoism. Similarly, Frederick Crews wrote essays about the Pooh books in abstruse academic jargon in The Pooh Perplex and Postmodern Pooh to satirise a range of philosophical approaches.[50] Pooh and the Philosophers by John T. Williams uses Winnie the Pooh as a backdrop to illustrate the works of philosophers, including Descartes, Kant, Plato and Nietzsche.[51] "Epic Pooh" is a 1978 essay by Michael Moorcock that compares much fantasy writing to A. A. Milne's, as work intended to comfort, not challenge. In music, Kenny Loggins wrote the song "House at Pooh Corner", which was originally recorded by the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band.[52] Loggins later rewrote the song as "Return to Pooh Corner", featuring on the album of the same name in 1991. In Italy, a pop band took their name from Winnie, and were titled Pooh. In Estonia, there is a punk/metal band called Winny Puhh. In the "sport" of Poohsticks, competitors drop sticks into a stream from a bridge and then wait to see whose stick will cross the finish line first. Though it began as a game played by Pooh and his friends in the book The House at Pooh Corner and later in the films, it has crossed over into the real world: a World Championship Poohsticks race takes place in Oxfordshire each year. Ashdown Forest in England where the Pooh stories are set is a popular tourist attraction, and includes the wooden Pooh Bridge where Pooh and Piglet invented Poohsticks.[53] The Oxford University Winnie the Pooh Society was founded by undergraduates in 1982. From December 2017 to April 2018, the Victoria and Albert Museum hosted the exhibition Winnie-the-Pooh: Exploring a Classic.[54] On exhibit were teddy bears that had not been on display for some 40 years because they were so fragile.[55][56] Censorship in China Main article: Censorship in China Parody of Chinese Communist Party general secretary Xi Jinping in February 2020 In the People's Republic of China, images of Pooh were censored from social media websites in mid-2017, when Internet memes comparing Chinese Paramount Leader and General Secretary of the Communist Party Xi Jinping to (Disney's version of) Pooh became popular.[57] The 2018 film Christopher Robin was also denied a Chinese release. When Xi visited the Philippines, protestors posted images of Pooh on social media.[58] Other politicians have been compared to Winnie-the-Pooh characters alongside Xi, including Barack Obama as Tigger, Carrie Lam, Rodrigo Duterte, and Peng Liyuan as Piglet,[59] and Fernando Chui and Shinzo Abe as Eeyore.[60] Pooh's Chinese name (Chinese: 小熊维尼; lit.: 'little bear Winnie') has been censored from video games such as World of Warcraft, PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds, Arena of Valor,[61] and Devotion.[62] Images of Pooh in Kingdom Hearts III were also blurred out.[63] Despite the ban, two Pooh-themed rides appear in Disneyland Shanghai.[64] In October 2019, Pooh was featured in the South Park episode "Band in China" because of his alleged resemblance with Xi. In the episode, Pooh is brutally killed by Randy Marsh. South Park was banned in China as a result of the episode.[65]***** Winnie-the-Pooh (1926) is a best-selling classic children’s book. It is the first volume of stories about Winnie-the-Pooh, written by A. A. Milne and illustrated by E. H. Shepard. The book focuses on the adventures of a teddy bear called Winnie-the-Pooh and his friends Piglet, a small toy pig; Eeyore, a toy donkey; Owl, a live owl; and Rabbit, a live rabbit. The characters of Kanga, a toy kangaroo, and her son Roo are introduced later in the book, in the chapter entitled "In Which Kanga and Baby Roo Come to the Forest and Piglet has a Bath". The bouncy toy-tiger character of Tigger is not introduced until the sequel, The House at Pooh Corner. In 2003, Winnie the Pooh was listed at number 7 on the BBC's survey The Big Read.[1] Contents 1 Contents 2 Translations 3 Adaptations 4 Sequels 5 Rights sold to Disney 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Contents In Which We Are Introduced to Winnie the Pooh and Some Bees and the Stories Begin Winnie-the-Pooh is out of honey, so he and Christopher Robin attempt to trick some bees out of theirs, with disastrous results. In Which Pooh Goes Visiting and Gets into a Tight Place Pooh visits Rabbit, but eats so much while in Rabbit's house that he gets stuck in Rabbit's door on the way out. In Which Pooh and Piglet Go Hunting and Nearly Catch a Woozle Pooh and Piglet track increasing numbers of footsteps round and round a spinney of trees. In Which Eeyore Loses a Tail and Pooh Finds One Pooh sets out to find Eeyore's missing tail, and notices something interesting about Owl's bell-pull. In Which Piglet Meets a Heffalump Piglet and Pooh try to trap a Heffalump, but wind up trapping the wrong sort of creature. In Which Eeyore has a Birthday and Gets Two Presents Pooh feels bad that no one has gotten Eeyore anything for his birthday, so he and Piglet try their best to get him presents. In Which Kanga and Baby Roo Come to the Forest and Piglet has a Bath Rabbit convinces Pooh and Piglet to try to kidnap newcomer Baby Roo to convince newcomer Kanga to leave the forest. In Which Christopher Robin Leads an Expotition to the North Pole Christopher Robin and all of the animals in the forest go on a quest to find the North Pole in the Hundred Acre Wood. In Which Piglet is Entirely Surrounded by Water Piglet is trapped in his home by a flood, so he sends a message out in a bottle in hope of rescue. In Which Christopher Robin Gives Pooh a Party and We Say Goodbye Christopher Robin gives Pooh a party for helping to rescue Piglet during the flood. Translations The work has been translated into many languages, including Latin. The Latin translation by the Hungarian Lénárd Sándor (Alexander Lenard), Winnie ille Pu, was first published in 1958, and, in 1960, became the first foreign-language book to be featured on the New York Times Best Seller List, and the only book in Latin ever to have been featured therein.[2] It was also translated into Esperanto in 1972, by Ivy Kellerman Reed and Ralph A. Lewin, Winnie-La-Pu.[3] The work was featured in the iBooks app for Apple's iOS as the "starter" book for the app. Adaptations Following Disney's licensing of certain rights to Pooh from Stephen Slesinger and the A. A. Milne Estate in the 1960s, the Milne story lines were used by Disney in its cartoon featurette Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree.[4] The "look" of Pooh was adapted by Disney from Stephen Slesinger's distinctive American Pooh with his famous red shirt that had been created and used in commerce by Slesinger since the 1930s.[5] Sequels Winnie-the-Pooh was shortly followed by The House at Pooh Corner, also by Milne. Return to the Hundred Acre Wood, by David Benedictus was the first official post-Milne Pooh book written with the full backing of A. A. Milne's estate, which took the trustees ten years to agree to.[6] Pooh returned with his friends Tigger, Piglet and Eeyore as well as a new companion Lottie the Otter. The illustrations are by Mark Burgess, who had also worked on reviving the Paddington Bear stories. The Best Bear in All The World, by Paul Bright, Jeanne Willis, Kate Saunders and Brian Sibley is the second official post-Milne Pooh book, published by Egmont on 6 October 2016.[7] The four different authors have written four short stories around the four seasons of Winter, Spring, Summer, and Fall, and the book is again illustrated by Mark Burgess. Rights sold to Disney In 2001, Disney bought all rights to the character from The Royal Literary Fund, whom the estate of Milne had sold the rights to. The $350M purchase gave Disney full rights to the franchise until the British copyright expires on 1 Jan 2027 (70 calendar years after Milne's death).[8] As a work first published in 1926, the book will enter the public domain in the United States on 1 Jan 2022. ****Alan Alexander Milne (/mɪln/; 18 January 1882 – 31 January 1956) was an English author, best known for his books about the teddy bear Winnie-the-Pooh and for various poems. Milne was a noted writer, primarily as a playwright, before the huge success of Pooh overshadowed all his previous work. Milne served in both World Wars, joining the British Army in World War I, and as a captain of the British Home Guard in World War II.[1] He is the father of bookseller Christopher Robin Milne, upon whom the character Christopher Robin is based. Contents 1 Biography 2 Literary career 2.1 1903 to 1925 2.2 1926 to 1928 2.3 1929 onwards 3 Legacy and commemoration 4 Archive 5 Religious views 6 Works 6.1 Novels 6.2 Non-fiction 6.2.1 Punch articles 6.3 Newspaper articles and book introductions 6.4 Story collections for children 6.5 Poetry collections for children 6.6 Story collections 6.7 Poetry 6.8 Screenplays and plays 7 Portrayal 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External links Biography[edit] Alan Alexander Milne was born in Kilburn, London[2] to parents John Vine Milne, who was born in England,[3] and Sarah Marie Milne (née Heginbotham) and grew up at Henley House School, 6/7 Mortimer Road (now Crescent), Kilburn, a small independent school run by his father.[4] One of his teachers was H. G. Wells, who taught there in 1889–90.[5] Milne attended Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge[6] where he studied on a mathematics scholarship, graduating with a B.A. in Mathematics in 1903. He edited and wrote for Granta, a student magazine.[4] He collaborated with his brother Kenneth and their articles appeared over the initials AKM. Milne's work came to the attention of the leading British humour magazine Punch, where Milne was to become a contributor and later an assistant editor. Considered a talented cricket fielder, Milne played for two amateur teams that were largely composed of British writers: the Allahakbarries and the Authors XI. His teammates included fellow writers J. M. Barrie, Arthur Conan Doyle and P. G. Wodehouse.[7][8] Milne joined the British Army in World War I and served as an officer in the Royal Warwickshire Regiment and later, after a debilitating illness, the Royal Corps of Signals. He was commissioned into the 4th Battalion, Royal Warwickshire Regiment on 1 February 1915 as a second lieutenant (on probation).[9] His commission was confirmed on 20 December 1915.[10] On 7 July 1916, he was injured in the Battle of the Somme and invalided back to England. Having recuperated, he was recruited into Military Intelligence to write propaganda articles for MI7 (b) between 1916 and 1918. He was discharged on 14 February 1919,[11] and settled in Mallord Street, Chelsea.[12] He relinquished his commission on 19 February 1920, retaining the rank of lieutenant.[13] After the war, he wrote a denunciation of war titled Peace with Honour (1934), which he retracted somewhat with 1940's War with Honour.[4][14] During World War II, Milne was one of the most prominent critics of fellow English writer (and Authors XI cricket teammate) P. G. Wodehouse, who was captured at his country home in France by the Nazis and imprisoned for a year. Wodehouse made radio broadcasts about his internment, which were broadcast from Berlin. Although the light-hearted broadcasts made fun of the Germans, Milne accused Wodehouse of committing an act of near treason by cooperating with his country's enemy. Wodehouse got some revenge on his former friend (e.g. in The Mating Season) by creating fatuous parodies of the Christopher Robin poems in some of his later stories, and claiming that Milne "was probably jealous of all other writers.... But I loved his stuff."[15] Milne married Dorothy "Daphne" de Sélincourt (1890–1971) in 1913 and their son Christopher Robin Milne was born in 1920. In 1925, Milne bought a country home, Cotchford Farm, in Hartfield, East Sussex.[16] During World War II, Milne was a captain in the British Home Guard in Hartfield & Forest Row, insisting on being plain "Mr. Milne" to the members of his platoon. He retired to the farm after a stroke and brain surgery in 1952 left him an invalid, and by August 1953, "he seemed very old and disenchanted."[17] Milne died in January 1956, aged 74.[18] Literary career[edit] 1903 to 1925[edit] A. A. Milne in 1922 After graduating from Cambridge University in 1903, A. A. Milne contributed humorous verse and whimsical essays to Punch,[19][20] joining the staff in 1906 and becoming an assistant editor.[21] During this period he published 18 plays and three novels, including the murder mystery The Red House Mystery (1922). His son was born in August 1920 and in 1924 Milne produced a collection of children's poems, When We Were Very Young, which were illustrated by Punch staff cartoonist E. H. Shepard. A collection of short stories for children A Gallery of Children, and other stories that became part of the Winnie-the-Pooh books, were first published in 1925. Milne was an early screenwriter for the nascent British film industry, writing four stories filmed in 1920 for the company Minerva Films (founded in 1920 by the actor Leslie Howard and his friend and story editor Adrian Brunel). These were The Bump, starring Aubrey Smith; Twice Two; Five Pound Reward; and Bookworms.[22] Some of these films survive in the archives of the British Film Institute. Milne had met Howard when the actor starred in Milne's play Mr Pim Passes By in London.[23] Looking back on this period (in 1926), Milne observed that when he told his agent that he was going to write a detective story, he was told that what the country wanted from a "Punch humorist" was a humorous story; when two years later he said he was writing nursery rhymes, his agent and publisher were convinced he should write another detective story; and after another two years, he was being told that writing a detective story would be in the worst of taste given the demand for children's books. He concluded that "the only excuse which I have yet discovered for writing anything is that I want to write it; and I should be as proud to be delivered of a Telephone Directory con amore as I should be ashamed to create a Blank Verse Tragedy at the bidding of others."[24] 1926 to 1928[edit] Milne with his son Christopher Robin and Pooh Bear, at Cotchford Farm, their home in Sussex. Photo by Howard Coster, 1926. Milne is most famous for his two Pooh books about a boy named Christopher Robin after his son, Christopher Robin Milne (1920–1996), and various characters inspired by his son's stuffed animals, most notably the bear named Winnie-the-Pooh.[25] Christopher Robin Milne's stuffed bear, originally named Edward,[26] was renamed Winnie after a Canadian black bear named Winnie (after Winnipeg), which was used as a military mascot in World War I, and left to London Zoo during the war. "The Pooh" comes from a swan the young Milne named "Pooh". E. H. Shepard illustrated the original Pooh books, using his own son's teddy Growler ("a magnificent bear") as the model. The rest of Christopher Robin Milne's toys, Piglet, Eeyore, Kanga, Roo and Tigger, were incorporated into A. A. Milne's stories,[27][28] and two more characters – Rabbit and Owl – were created by Milne's imagination. Christopher Robin Milne's own toys are now on display in New York where 750,000 people visit them every year. The real stuffed toys owned by Christopher Robin Milne and featured in the Winnie-the-Pooh stories. They are on display in the New York Public Library Main Branch in New York without Roo, who was lost when Christopher Robin was 9. The fictional Hundred Acre Wood of the Pooh stories derives from Five Hundred Acre Wood in Ashdown Forest in East Sussex, South East England, where the Pooh stories were set. Milne lived on the northern edge of the forest at Cotchford Farm, 51.090°N 0.107°E, and took his son walking there. E. H. Shepard drew on the landscapes of Ashdown Forest as inspiration for many of the illustrations he provided for the Pooh books. The adult Christopher Robin commented: "Pooh's Forest and Ashdown Forest are identical."[27] Popular tourist locations at Ashdown Forest include: Galleon's Lap, The Enchanted Place, the Heffalump Trap and Lone Pine, Eeyore’s Sad and Gloomy Place, and the wooden Pooh Bridge where Pooh and Piglet invented Poohsticks.[29] Not yet known as Pooh, he made his first appearance in a poem, "Teddy Bear", published in Punch magazine in February 1924 and republished in When We Were Very Young.[30] Pooh first appeared in the London Evening News on Christmas Eve, 1925, in a story called "The Wrong Sort of Bees".[28] Winnie-the-Pooh was published in 1926, followed by The House at Pooh Corner in 1928. A second collection of nursery rhymes, Now We Are Six, was published in 1927. All four books were illustrated by E. H. Shepard. Milne also published four plays in this period. He also "gallantly stepped forward" to contribute a quarter of the costs of dramatising P. G. Wodehouse's A Damsel in Distress.[31] The World of Pooh won the Lewis Carroll Shelf Award in 1958.[32] 1929 onwards[edit] The success of his children's books was to become a source of considerable annoyance to Milne, whose self-avowed aim was to write whatever he pleased and who had, until then, found a ready audience for each change of direction: he had freed pre-war Punch from its ponderous facetiousness; he had made a considerable reputation as a playwright (like his idol J. M. Barrie) on both sides of the Atlantic; he had produced a witty piece of detective writing in The Red House Mystery (although this was severely criticised by Raymond Chandler in the essay "The Simple Art of Murder" is the euphonious-named story story collection (1950) for the implausibility of its plot). But once Milne had, in his own words, "said goodbye to all that in 70,000 words" (the approximate length of his four principal children's books), he had no intention of producing any reworkings lacking in originality, given that one of the sources of inspiration, his son, was growing older. Another reason Milne stopped writing children's books, and especially about Winnie-the-Pooh, was that he felt "amazement and disgust" over the fame his son was exposed to, and said that "I feel that the legal Christopher Robin has already had more publicity than I want for him. I do not want CR Milne to ever wish that his name were Charles Robert."[33] In his literary home, Punch, where the When We Were Very Young verses had first appeared, Methuen continued to publish whatever Milne wrote, including the long poem "The Norman Church" and an assembly of articles entitled Year In, Year Out (which Milne likened to a benefit night for the author).[34] In 1930, Milne adapted Kenneth Grahame's novel The Wind in the Willows for the stage as Toad of Toad Hall.[35] The title was an implicit admission that such chapters as Chapter 7, "The Piper at the Gates of Dawn," could not survive translation to the theatre. A special introduction written by Milne is included in some editions of Grahame's novel.[36] Milne and his wife became estranged from their son, who came to resent what he saw as his father's exploitation of his childhood and came to hate the books that had thrust him into the public eye.[37] Christopher's marriage to his first cousin, Lesley de Sélincourt, distanced him still further from his parents – Lesley's father and Christopher's mother had not spoken to each other for 30 years.[38][39] Legacy and commemoration[edit] "I suppose that every one of us hopes secretly for immortality; to leave, I mean, a name behind him which will live forever in this world, whatever he may be doing, himself, in the next." —A. A. Milne.[40] The rights to A. A. Milne's Pooh books were left to four beneficiaries: his family, the Royal Literary Fund, Westminster School and the Garrick Club.[41] After Milne's death in 1956, one week and six days after his 74th birthday, his widow sold her rights to the Pooh characters to Stephen Slesinger, whose widow sold the rights after Slesinger's death to the Walt Disney Company, which has made many Pooh cartoon movies, a Disney Channel television show, as well as Pooh-related merchandise. In 2001, the other beneficiaries sold their interest in the estate to the Disney Corporation for $350m. Previously Disney had been paying twice-yearly royalties to these beneficiaries. The estate of E. H. Shepard also received a sum in the deal. The UK copyright on the text of the original Winnie the Pooh books expires on 1 January 2027;[42] at the beginning of the year after the 70th anniversary of the author's death (PMA-70), and has already expired in those countries with a PMA-50 rule. This applies to all of Milne's works except those first published posthumously. The illustrations in the Pooh books will remain under copyright until the same amount of time has passed, after the illustrator's death; in the UK, this will be on 1 January 2047. In the United States, copyright will not expire until 95 years after publication for each of Milne's books first published before 1978, but this includes the illustrations. In 2008, a collection of original illustrations featuring Winnie-the-Pooh and his animal friends sold for more than £1.2 million at auction in Sotheby's, London.[43] Forbes magazine ranked Winnie the Pooh the most valuable fictional character in 2002; Winnie the Pooh merchandising products alone had annual sales of more than $5.9 billion.[44] In 2005, Winnie the Pooh generated $6 billion, a figure surpassed by only Mickey Mouse.[45] A. A. Milne and E. H. Shepard memorial plaque at Ashdown Forest, East Sussex, the setting for Winnie the Pooh A memorial plaque in Ashdown Forest, unveiled by Christopher Robin in 1979, commemorates the work of A. A. Milne and Shepard in creating the world of Pooh.[27] Milne once wrote of Ashdown Forest: "In that enchanted place on the top of the forest a little boy and his bear will always be playing."[27] In 2003, Winnie the Pooh was listed at number 7 on the BBC's poll The Big Read which determined the UK's "best-loved novels" of all time.[46] In 2006, Winnie the Pooh received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, marking the 80th birthday of Milne's creation.[45] That same year a UK poll saw Winnie the Pooh voted onto the list of icons of England.[47] Marking the 90th anniversary of Milne's creation of the character, and the 90th birthday of Elizabeth II, in 2016 a new story sees Winnie the Pooh meet the Queen at Buckingham Palace. The illustrated and audio adventure is titled Winnie-the-Pooh Meets the Queen, and has been narrated by actor Jim Broadbent.[48] Also in 2016, a new character, a Penguin, was unveiled in The Best Bear in All the World, which was inspired by a long-lost photograph of Milne and his son Christopher with a toy penguin.[49] Several of Milne's children's poems were set to music by the composer Harold Fraser-Simson. His poems have been parodied many times, including with the books When We Were Rather Older and Now We Are Sixty. The 1963 film The King's Breakfast was based on Milne's poem of the same name.[50] The Pooh books were used as the basis for two academic satires by Frederick C Crews: 'The Pooh Perplex'(1963/4) and 'Postmodern Pooh'(2002). An exhibition entitled "Winnie-the-Pooh: Exploring a Classic" appeared at the V & A from 9 December 2017 to 8 April 2018.[51][52][25] An elementary school in Houston, Texas, United States, operated by the Houston Independent School District (HISD), is named after Milne.[53] The school, A. A. Milne Elementary School in Brays Oaks,[54] opened in 1991.[55] **** Ernest Howard Shepard OBE, MC (10 December 1879 – 24 March 1976) was an English artist and book illustrator. He is known especially for illustrations of the anthropomorphic animal and soft toy characters in The Wind in the Willows and Winnie-the-Pooh. Contents 1 Career 2 Personal life 3 Works illustrated 4 References 4.1 Primary sources 4.2 Secondary sources 5 External links Career[edit] Shepard's house in Lodsworth, marked with a blue plaque Shepard was born in St John's Wood, London. Having shown some promise in drawing at St Paul's School, in 1897 he enrolled in the Heatherley School of Fine Art in Chelsea.[1] After a productive year there, he attended the Royal Academy Schools, winning a Landseer scholarship in 1899 and a British Institute prize in 1900.[2] There he met Florence Eleanor Chaplin, whom he married in 1904.[3] By 1906 Shepard had become a successful illustrator, having produced work for illustrated editions of Aesop's Fables, David Copperfield, and Tom Brown's Schooldays, while at the same time working as an illustrator on the staff of Punch.[4] The couple bought a house in London, but in 1905 moved to Shamley Green, near Guildford. Shepard was a prolific painter, showing in a number of exhibitions. He exhibited at the Royal Society of Artists, Birmingham—a traditional venue for generic painters—as well as in the more radical atmosphere of Glasgow's Institute of Fine Arts, where some of the most innovative artists were on show. He was twice an exhibitor at the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool, one of the largest provincial galleries in the country, and another at the Manchester Art Gallery, a Victorian institution later part of the public libraries. But at heart, Shepard was a Londoner, showing sixteen times at the Royal Academy on Piccadilly. His wife, who was also a painter, found a home in London's West End venue for her own modest output during a 25-year career.[5] In his mid-thirties when World War I broke out in 1914, Shepard received a commission as a second lieutenant in the Royal Garrison Artillery, an arm of the Royal Artillery. He was assigned to 105th Siege Battery, which crossed to France in May 1916. and went into action at the Battle of the Somme.[6][7][8][9] By the autumn of 1916, Shepard started working for the Intelligence Department sketching the combat area within the view of his battery position.[10][11] On 16 February 1917, he was made an acting captain whilst second-in-command of his battery, and briefly served as an acting major in late April and early May of that year during the Battle of Arras before reverting to acting captain.[7][12][13][14] He was promoted to substantive lieutenant on 1 July 1917.[15] Whilst acting as Captain, he was awarded the Military Cross. His citation read:[16] For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty. As forward Observation Officer he continued to observe and send back valuable information, in spite of heavy shell and machine gun fire. His courage and coolness were conspicuous. Later in 1917 105th Siege Battery participated in the final stages of the Battle of Passchendaele where it came under heavy fire and suffered a number of casualties.[7][17] At the end of the year it was sent to help retrieve a disastrous situation on the Italian Front, travelling by rail via Verona before coming into action on the Montello Hill.[7][12] Shepard missed the Second Battle of the Piave River in April 1918, being on leave in England (where he was invested with his MC by King George V at Buckingham Palace) and where he was attending a gunnery course.[18] He was back in Italy with his battery for the victory at Vittorio Veneto.[7][19] After the Armistice of Villa Giusti in November 1918, Shepard was promoted to acting major in command of the battery, and given the duty of administering captured enemy guns. Demobilisation began at Christmas 1918 and 105th Siege Battery was disbanded in March 1919.[7][20][21] Throughout the war he had been contributing to Punch. He was hired as a regular staff cartoonist in 1921 and became lead cartoonist in 1945. He was removed from this post in 1953 by Punch's new editor, Malcolm Muggeridge.[22] His work was also part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1928 Summer Olympics.[23] Shepard was recommended to A. A. Milne in 1923 by another Punch staffer, E. V. Lucas. Milne initially thought Shepard's style was not what he wanted, but used him to illustrate the book of poems When We Were Very Young. Happy with the results, Milne then insisted Shepard illustrate Winnie-the-Pooh. Realising his illustrator's contribution to the book's success, the writer arranged for Shepard to receive a share of his royalties. Milne also inscribed a copy of Winnie-the-Pooh with the following personal verse:[24] When I am gone, Let Shepard decorate my tomb, And put (if there is room) Two pictures on the stone: Piglet from page a hundred and eleven, And Pooh and Piglet walking (157) ... And Peter, thinking that they are my own, Will welcome me to Heaven. Eventually Shepard came to resent "that silly old bear" as he felt that the Pooh illustrations overshadowed his other work.[25] Shepard modelled Pooh not on the toy owned by Milne's son Christopher Robin but on "Growler", a stuffed bear owned by his own son.[26] (Growler no longer exists, having been given to his granddaughter Minnie Hunt and subsequently destroyed by a neighbour's dog.)[27] His Pooh work is so famous that 300 of his preliminary sketches were exhibited at the Victoria and Albert Museum in 1969, when he was 90 years old.[28] A Shepard painting of Winnie the Pooh, believed to have been painted in the 1930s for a Bristol teashop,[29] is his only known oil painting of the famous teddy bear. It was purchased at an auction for $243,000 in London late in 2000.[30] The painting is displayed in the Pavilion Gallery at Assiniboine Park in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.[31] Shepard wrote two autobiographies: Drawn from Memory (1957) and Drawn From Life (1961).[32][33] In 1972, Shepard gave his personal collection of papers and illustrations to the University of Surrey. These now form the E.H. Shepard Archive.[34] Shepard was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 1972 Birthday Honours.[35] Personal life[edit] Shepard's grave at St Peter's Church, Lodsworth Shepard lived at Melina Place in St John's Wood[36] and from 1955 in Lodsworth, West Sussex. He and Florence had two children, Graham (born 1907) and Mary (born 1909),[37] who both became illustrators. Lt. Graham Shepard died when his ship HMS Polyanthus was sunk by German submarine U-952 in September 1943. Mary married E.V. Knox, the editor of Punch, and became known as the illustrator of the Mary Poppins series of children's books. Florence Shepard died in 1927. In November 1943 Shepard married Norah Carroll, a nurse at St Mary's Hospital, Paddington. They remained married until his death in 1976.[38] In 1966, he called the short film Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree a travesty.[39] Works illustrated[edit] 1924 – When We Were Very Young[40] 1925 – Playtime and Company; Holly Tree[40] 1926 – Winnie-the-Pooh; Everybody's Pepys[40] 1927 – Jeremy; Little One's Log; Let's Pretend; Now We Are Six; Fun and Fantasy[40] 1928 – The House at Pooh Corner; The Golden Age[40] 1930 – Everybody's Boswell; Dream Days[40] 1931 – The Wind in the Willows; Christmas Poems; Bevis; Mother Goose[40] 1932 – Sycamore Square[40] 1933 – Everybody's Lamb; The Cricket in the Cage[40] 1934 – Victoria Regina[40] 1935 – Perfume from Provence[41] 1936 – The Modern Struwwelpeter[40] 1937 – Golden Sovereign; Cheddar Gorge;[42] As the Bee Sucks; Sunset House: More Perfume from Provence[43] 1939 – The Reluctant Dragon[40] 1941 – Gracious Majesty[40] 1948 – The Golden Age; Dream Days; Bertie's Escapade[40] 1949 – York[40] 1950 – Drover's Tale[40] 1951 – Enter David Garrick[40] 1953 – The Silver Curlew[40] 1954 – The Cuckoo Clock; Susan, Bill and the Wolf-Dog[40] 1955 – The Glass Slipper; Operation Wild Goose; Crystal Mountain; Frogmorton; The Brownies[40] 1955 – Mary in the Country[44] 1956 – The Islanders; The Pancake[40] 1956 – The Secret Garden[45] 1956 – Royal Reflections: Stories for Children[46] 1957 – Drawn from Memory; Briar Rose[40] 1958 – Old Greek Fairy Tales[40] 1959 – Tom Brown's School Days[40] 1960 – Noble Company[40] 1961 – Drawn from Life; Hans Andersen's Fairy Tales[40] 1965 – Ben and Brock[40] 1969 – The Wind in the Willows (colour re-illustration); The Pooh Cookbook (cover)[40] 1970 – Winnie the Pooh (colour re-illustration); The House at Pooh Corner (colour re-illustration)[40] 1971 – The Pooh Party Book (cover)[40]  [51]      ebay4791folder177
  • Condition: Used
  • Condition: Very good used condition. tightly bound. Cover wear. ( Pls look at scan for accurate AS IS images )
  • Country of Manufacture: Israel
  • Country/Region of Manufacture: Israel
  • Religion: Judaism

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